Romeo and Juliet has violence and conflict as one of its central themes Essay Example

Romeo and Juliet has violence and conflict as one of its central themes Essay If we were to think about the worlds greatest lovers, our attention would be immediately drawn to Romeo and Juliet. Why is this? Could it be because there love is so pure, so unspoilt? Or is it because the innocent couples lives ended so unpredictably? Are we intrigued by the role played by fate in the lives of every day people? Could it be that Shakespeare immortalised the couple in poetry that remains quite breathtaking in its intensity and beauty? Chance, destiny, and fate are all discussed in this play, because of the questionable theories of the time. Is it a popular story because of the universal themes: love, hate and death? The story starts with a boy and girl, Romeo and Juliet, who fall in love after seeing each other at a ball. To their horror they discover that their families are sworn enemies. They get married secretly, because of Juliets arranged marriage with Paris. Romeo gets banished forever for taking tybalts life. The lovers part, having spent the night in each others arms. The Friar explains how Juliet can escape from her coming marriage to Paris by taking a poison to fake death. Later that night Juliet takes the poison alone in her room. The Nurse discovers Juliets dead body the following morning. In Juliets tomb a despairing Romeo takes Poison. The star- crossed lovers are united at last in death. We will write a custom essay sample on Romeo and Juliet has violence and conflict as one of its central themes specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Romeo and Juliet has violence and conflict as one of its central themes specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Romeo and Juliet has violence and conflict as one of its central themes specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The story of Romeo and Juliet had been around for along time before Shakespeare decided to set it as a play. The story of the tragic lovers was said to have originated in Italian myth and folklore, finding its way to England via France. The story of Romeo and Giulietta appeared as a poem by Arthur Brooke. Also William Painter wrote Romeus and Juliet in a prose version. Shakespeare took what had come to England as a poem and transformed it into a play. Shakespeares play is set in Verona in about the 12th or 13th century. The play takes place in mid July. The playwright uses the heat of the mid summer to heighten a constant sense of irritability. This increases the tension as the characters become involved in the action. Shakespeare also chooses an urban, wealthy and sophisticated setting because it allows him the opportunity to portray a wide spectrum of society. It is because of this that English people are interested in the film, also by the art and culture of the Renaissance. Conflict is a common thing in Romeo and Juliet. When the play opens we find ourselves in a world where gangs roam the streets in search of trouble from rival gangs. The conflict is not only between the masters but also with the their servants and those loyal to the families. Both families fight for the number one position within the city-state. Private conflict exists in the main characters, the life or death decisions causes high amounts of anxiety and tension. The lovers in the story are placed with a lot of conflict and decision-making. Romeo makes a quick decision to fight Tybalt, then his decision to accept banishment, also what to do when he hears of his wifes untimely death, finally his decision to die with Juliet in the tomb. Juliet has the worry of the arranged marriage, the worry that her formerly trusted are no longer her allies, leaving her alone to make the decisions. She faces all sorts of imagined possible horrors before taking the poison finally there is the decision whether to live without Romeo are to die with him. The Nurse finds herself in a similar state of conflict, with who should she side with, the family or Juliet. She resolves the conflict by siding with the family. Inner conflict comes from Friar Lawrence with the decision between what is right and what is wrong. He also deserts Juliet, which he shows remorse for. Shakespeare uses the inner stress of the characters to motivate their often outrageous but understandable actions. When act 1 scene 1 opens we immediately get the sense of underlying frustration. The characters use playful banter at the beginning to show how close they are to each other. Every time Sampson says something, Gregory replies using a pun, .well not carry coals. .no, for then we should be colliers. Shakespeare uses Homophones when he talks about, choler and collar because it adds humour to the play and eases the tension created. Although at first Sampson and Gregory are only playing, the mood shifts and the argument changes to being serious. Gregory says hes not scared and he will stir up the tension. I will frown as I pass by, and let them take it as they wish. This shows that Gregory is being very loyal to his masters. When Abram comes into this scene he builds up the tension. Do you bite your thumb at us, sir? This is threatening because of the rude gesture behind the biting of the thumb. Abram also stirs trouble when he says Quarrel, sir? No sir. This repetition of sarcasm would frustrate Sampson. Conflict carries on through to lines 55-62, but is controlled by Benvolio, playing the part as the peacemaker. From which he stops a verging fight He uses language that is persuading, to stop them from fighting. Put up your swords, you know not what you do. He uses language that you could imagine being said to a child. You know not what you do. This is persuading because they would realise how juvenile they are acting. This is proven when Tybalt replies in an incredulous tone, . I hate the word, all Montagues, and thee. This reply results in another fight with all the men involved. Every time Tybalt comes into the scene you can normally tell. The mood shifts changing to tense and anxious. Have at thee, cowards By this Tybalt is insulting Benvolio, Abram, Sampson and Gregorys masculinity. This shows Tybalts power and confidence. He is never afraid of voicing insults. When the Lords come into the scene they are aware of the present conflict and draw their weapons. . Give me my long sword This shows the high intensity of hatred between the families showing that they wouldnt hesitate to kill the other. Lady Capulet mocks what her husband has said, a crutch, a crutch this implies that he is old and needs a walking stick rather than a sword. This adds humour to the tense scene making the reader laugh. .Thou villian Capulet says Lord Montague. This is a huge insult for someone to say, implying he is a peasant. The prince tries to restore the peace into the two families by making them aware of the consequences, . Once more on pain of death, all men depart. The prince is telling the two families that if they dont obey his command they will die. He says this because he is fed up with the conflict in the streets of Verona, and wants it stopped . Your lives shall pay the forfeit of the peace. The mood the prince creates is angry but also tried of this pointless feud. Three civil brawls bred of an airy word. Act 3 scene 1 is a pivotal scene in terms of heightening tension and showing the theme of conflict to the fullest degree. It begins with Benvolio setting the scene. These hot days is the mad blood stirring Here, the use of pathetic fallacy creates a tense atmosphere. The hotness of the day represents the temper and frustration of both families, and therefore ensures that there is a sense of unease from the start. Benvolio tries to reconcile the situation, Am I such a fellow? Here it shows Benvolio as the peacemaker again. He tries to calm the situation. . When indeed there is no need. There fore there is no need to fight. Mercutio creates a lighter mood at the start from mocking Benvolio. Thou art as hot a jack in thy mood as any in Italy. This suggests that Mercutio isnt as hot headed, as he seems. When Tybalt enters the scene the mood shifts slightly, he creates tension from being polite and sarcastic at the same time. But also Tybalt seems Machiavellian from the start, . Gentlemen, good den, a word with one of you. Here he seems sarcastic and brooding. This is to patronise Mercutio without getting the blame for starting the fight. The duel between Mercutio and Tybalt is mainly because of misunderstanding. Mercutio takes the patronising words from Tybalt badly, resulting in an argument between them. . Couple it with something, make it a word and a blow. This is suggesting that they fight. Tybalt winds Mercutio up by saying, Mercutio, thou consortest with Romeo. This suggesting that Romeo is his partner, which could be frustrating. He twists the word consort and gives it another meaning Consort? What, dost thou make us minstrals? This shows Mercutios quick thinking and intelligence. Shakespeare changes the mood again when Romeo enters, creating an anxious mood, with Tybalt patronising Romeo. Well peace be with you, sir. Here comes my man. Mercutio again deliberately misunderstands him, and twists his words, Go before to field, hell be your followers, your worship in that sense may call him man.' Tybalt insults Romeo greatly by saying Thou art a villain. Meaning you are a peasant. This would insult a man of noble birth like Romeo. Romeo ignores this comment because he doesnt want to fight with him. Instead Romeo replies using lots of dramatic irony. I have to love thee. Romeo tries to make the peace because he realises that he cant fight with someone who is nearly family to him. Therefore farewell. Tybalt doesnt realise what Romeo is implying Boy, this shall not excuse the injuries. Boy used to patronise Romeo and to insult him, making it clear that he doesnt think highly of him . Good Capulet, which name I tender as dearly as my own. This gives an impression that Romeo wants Tybalt to know about him and Juliet, but his words are mistaken with sarcasm. Mercutio is disgusted with Romeo, Allo stoccata carries it away. He uses the Italian fencing word as a name for Tybalt. Tybalt is suspicious of whats being said, What wouldst thou have with me? Mercutio repeats, a plague o both your houses Several times before he dies. This seems like he is foreseeing the future and by repeating it, it makes Romeo and Tybalt and the audience aware. Romeo talks using dramatic irony after Mercutios death. Hath been my cousin. He says that the events that had happened and falling in love had made him soft. O, sweet Juliet and in my temper softend valours steel! His language here seems strong, even after his friends death. This changes when Benvolio enters, This days black fate on mo days depend. He uses the colour to represent the gloom from that day and the days to come, . This but begins the woe others must end. He uses a rhyming couplet to finish what is being said. Tybalt enters; both Benvolio and Romeo know that the trouble isnt over. . And fire-eyd fury be my conduct now! Romeo uses alliteration to show his emotion. Saying that he is going to let his anger guild his actions. Tybalt is emotional and rises to the challenge. Thou wretched boy, that didst consort him here, shalt with him hence. This causes them to fight and Tybalt falls dead. Benvolio tries to be the peacemaker, he advises Romeo to be gone because he knows what the Prince will do when he finds out. Romeo feels guilty for what he has done, O, I am fortunes fool. Here the use of personification could have been mistaken for humour. When the Prince enters you can sense his anger, Where are the vile beginners of this fray? The Prince asks Benvolio who began this bloody fray? he asks Benvolio because he trusts that he wouldnt lie. The Prince hears all the evidence and comes to his decision And for that offence immediately we do exile him hence. He will banish him for his wrong doings. The Prince uses blank verse to show how serious he is being. Mercy but murders, pardoning those who kill. In fewer that a hundred lines into the play, Shakespeare has created an atmosphere of tension where the least word or gesture can trigger off unthinking violence which is shared by the entire community- old and young alike, whether they are the lowest servants or the respected heads of noble families. Also in act 3, Romeo forgets his new bride for a moment and takes his sword to attack her cousin in an act of vengeance for the death of Mercutio. Prince Escalus hears of the sequence of events from Benvolio, he promises strict justice. To banish Romeo, let Romeo hence in haste, else when he is found, that hour is his last. He can do neither more nor less than this. All though the play there is violent language, which goes with the violent behaviour of the Montagues and Capulets. A dog of the house of Montague moves me. Language like this is carried on though the play, showing the conflict. It is the conflict which is in the way, right until the end, where sadly the conflict is resolved though the deaths in both the two families. In conclusion it is the conflict and violence that makes the play what it is. In terms of exciting, enthralling and basically loved by many.

To Be or Not to Be a Whistleblower essays

To Be or Not to Be a Whistleblower essays My essay focuses on the eternal dilemma to be or not to be a whistleblower which has become a major problem for nowadays employees who often assist to irregularities without knowing what to do. The purpose of my paper is to prove that whistle blowing is a perfectly ethical and healthy practice which doesnt imply that the employee who makes the decisive step of disclosing information is disloyal to his organization. First of all, an individual who intends to point his finger at organizational misconducts should decide whether to talk or to keep quiet after taking into account several issues. One of the primary aspects refers to the amplitude of consequences, i.e. the number of people harmed and the intensity of the negative impact. Furthermore, an employee should know for sure that the respective effect will take place and that people will suffer because of it. On the other hand, the person who is tempted to blow the whistle must consider temporal immediacy. Thus, if the consequences are imminent, the employee must haste the disclosure process. Additionally, he must make a decision according to the physical and emotional proximity. This means that whistleblowing is more motivated when an employee has a close relationship with potential victims or when the information he holds refers to the impact on a nearby town, for instance. Another issue he should touch upon is the intensity of the miscond uct. As England (2007) states: stealing $1000 from one person is more unethical than stealing $1 from 1000 people. In other words, before disclosing information, an employee must make sure he has a strong case which can be supported by solid proofs when required. Referring to whistleblowers, some people consider them to be martyrs because they have the courage to unveil unethical conducts while others call them snitches because of their presumed eager to achieve personal fame. Still, ...

Cog-wk6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Cog-wk6 - Essay Example They are responsible for the creation of bonds with other human beings due to a shared past. Memories might seem fixed and concrete and it would be natural to assume that they would still be there as always. But Loftus brings to our attention the notion that memories are not fixed. Our regular experiences lead us to consider that memories can be altered or even created. Such is the nature of inaccurate memories that they can appear to be quiet compelling and real. Early history For a very long time now psychologists have be interested in distortions of memory. The 1930s Bartlett’s report of studies is a classic example. In this Bartlett told people a folk tale from an unfamiliar culture and asked them to recall it from memory. It was after the people recalled the story did he realize that memory errors made brought the story more in line with the person’s own culturally determined expectations. Another prominent example is that of Carmichael, Hogan, and Walter’s demonstration about how forms are labeled influences how they are remembered. For example, people interpreted from memory two circles connected by a straight line as more likely to include a curved line if the defined form had been labeled as eyeglasses than a dumbbell. Furthermore Deese(1959) and Underwood(1965) work demonstrated that people were highly likely to falsely remember an item, say a needle, if earlier they had been presented with related items, such as a thread or haystack. Moving on to the 1970s, various studies highlighted the fact that memory distortions occurred not only for unfamiliar materials such as folk tales, word lists or pictures but that they are in a byproduct of our regular understanding and memory of information and events. Look at the work of Bransford and Johnson (1973) for example in which comprehension and memory showed that the recall of information depended on engaging constructive processes by which information is related to prior knowledge at enc oding. However, their work also depicted how people are a lot more likely to falsely claim that stories included information that was only inferred based on prior knowledge. People who were told the story in which the information was about the spy who threw a secret document into the fireplace just in time because another couple of seconds would have been too late were likely to recall the story that claimed that the spy had burned the document. Thus, distorted remembering of information is a possibility but it is not always true. In 1981, Johnson and Raye suggested that memory distortions reflect errors which arise from imperfect reality monitoring processes that are a key part of remembering: that is, people sometimes confuse information they are generate during initial encoding, the retention interval or consequent remembering of an incident for information that came from the event. So reality monitoring is a special consideration of the more generalized ongoing function of sourc e monitoring that makes attributions about the origins of activated information in mental experience (Johnson et al. 1993). Factors that cause false memories To gain a better understanding of the nature of false memories to look at the underlying causes that result in the phenomena is imperative. Some of these factors are highlighted as: Inaccurate perception Inaccurate perception suggests that false memory originates while the event is still occurring, that is,

Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity Annotated Bibliography

Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity - Annotated Bibliography Example The researchers studied ADHD in children of pre-school age. They researched three parenting programs that showed promise in helping small children. The authors suggested that parents should have some type of parent training before they start treating their children with medication. They also discuss the barriers to using this method and give several ideas of how to work with preschoolers in addition to this model. The researchers state that medication should be used after they have tried parent training. The researchers present the dual pathway model. This research is important to a paper on ADHD because it provides information about alternative interventions that are working. They suggest that parents must be able to control their children before they send them to school. Many parents want to find alternatives to treating their children with ADHD because they do not want to use drugs. This article gives an understanding of ADHD from a doctor's perspective and it provides information about alternative nutrition that has been shown to help children and adults with ADHD. The researchers provided information on several studies, including a double blind, crossover controlled trial that was designed to understand whether artificial food coloring and benzoate preservative in children's food could influence their hyperactivity. The trial included 1800 three year olds. The conclusion from these researchers was that ADHD is complex, and it should be treated with a multi-faceted treatment program. This article is important to a paper on ADHD because it provides information in a very clear way without using a lot of medical jargon. Kravets, M.B. and Wax, I. (2010). The K&W guide to colleges for students with learning disabilities or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. IL: Imy Wax. This book is excellent because it describes colleges that work well with students who have ADHD. They provide information about getting into the college, what is important to do when the student is there, and how to approach classes. They also include advice from people who work in the field of ADHD. The book is invaluable to talking about the schools and how a student can approach college if they want to go. It gives hope to those students who may think they could not go to school at all. Kurtz, L.A. (2008). Understanding controversial therapies for children with autism, attention deficit disorder, and other learning disabilities: A guide to complementary and alternative medicine. PA: Jessica Kingsley Publishers This book provides an overview of alternative therapies that can be used in several learning disabilities, some of these are effective and others are not, according to the authors. The book is easy to read and understand. Because ADHD has so many different facets to it, this book is valuable in providing a wealth of

The Rape Charge Filed by the Complainant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Rape Charge Filed by the Complainant - Essay Example It is the onus of the Crown to prove a guilt that erases reasonable doubt to overcome the presumption of innocence that should exceed the evidentiary threshold (Fisher, 2011, p. 811). It was only after the second assault that she filed the rape complaint maybe out of spite of her uncle or it might be that she finally mustered enough courage to come out in the open to file the charge. A number of aspects in the case R. v. W. (1991) stand out, of which three are unusual. Firstly, the case is essentially that of which side to believe because of the lack of usual corroborating testimonies from other witnesses and this case becomes a case of his word pitted against hers. In other words, this case hinges on credibility as to which side seems to be the more truthful, the complainant or the defendant. For the jury, as sole judges, it all boils down to exercising their best judgment based on common sense and any prior everyday experiences as it relates to this particular case. In this regard, it is not quite unusual for rape victims not to file any charges immediately after an incident for various reasons, such as fear of retribution or shame. It is therefore quite understood why she decided to file a complaint only after a second assault took place. Some victims even take weeks or months before finally deciding to file a complaint, a considerable lapse of time when essential forensic evidence of a crime may have disappeared. Secondly, it is quite unusual for the trial judge to warn the jury not to start deliberating yet as there might be some corrections pertaining to the first charge filed when it was agreed by both parties to be essentially correct and fair (error-free). What is even more unusual was a short time that elapsed between the main charge and the re-charge, incontrovertible evidence or proof that the judge himself may have entertained some doubts as to the correctness of the first charge and making the re-charge almost as a second thought or  an afterthought to rectify something else.

Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease Progression

Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease Progression Alzheimer’s disease is slowly progressive and irreversible brain disease which is one of the most common cause of dementia [1]. In AD patients not only suffer from cognitive but also motor and sensory loss [2]. Although the mechanism of AD is not well understood still AD pathology is characterized by extra cellular amyloid-ÃŽ ² deposits and interacellular neurfibril tangles formation of hyperphosphorylation of tau protein. Being irreversible and neurological damaging disease, its very important to detect and diagonse at earlier or at some controlable time point. Some useful AD diagonstic biomarkers are required for this purpose. These biomarkers should also fullful the criteria of usefulness for AD detection. Biomarkers should become abnormal with the progression of disease in other words they should be dynamic and correlate with clinical symptom and severity of disease [3]. Recent research on use of specific AD biomarker for disease staging in vivo shows that AÃŽ ² dynamically correlates with disease at different stages of disease progression[4] [5]. But AÃŽ ² level varies in patients. Which suggests, through process of AÃŽ ² production starts earlier but AÃŽ ² as a biomarker only is not relibale, therefore alternative biomarker must be found along with AÃŽ ² generation process. Figure1. Biomakers and AD early detection Source; Modified from Ingelsson, M et al 2004. [4] AÃŽ ² can be produced through proteolytic processing of APP (amyloid precursor protein), which takes central position in AD pathogenesis. APP is single-pass transmembrane protein with larger ectodomain. Although the physiological functions of APP are not well known but has neuroprotective function and positive effect on cell growth [6]. APP is mainly produced in neurons and rapidly metabolized by secretase enzymes through alternative splicing by two pathways [7] [8]. Nonamyloidogenic processing of APP involving two secretases ÃŽ ±-secretase and ÃŽ ³-secretase while in amyloidogenic processing ÃŽ ²-secretase (identified as transmembrane aspartase protease BACE1) and ÃŽ ³-secretase are involved. Product generated during both processings have soluble ectodomain (sAPP ÃŽ ± and sAPP ÃŽ ²) respectively along with identical product called AICD (intracellular C-terminal fregmenets)[9]. More importantly amyloidogenic processing generates AÃŽ ², a sequence contained by sAPP ÃŽ ² part. In brain APP processing generates mainly AÃŽ ²40 and AÃŽ ²42 based on 40 and 42 amino acids residues depending on secretases ( see secretase table 1) through alternative splicings [10]. Along with regulatory subunits of ÃŽ ³-secretase complex, catalytic subunits presenilin1 (PS1) and presenilin 2 ( PS2) are involved mainly in deciding the length of these toxic form of AÃŽ ². These toxic forms of AÃŽ ² can aggregate and form plauqe that has more toxic effect [11]. With the progression of AD, symptoms also spread along with it depending on the vlunerability of different party of nervous system. More vlunerable areas are suppose to be effected earlier to others, the reason AD smptoms appear in different regions in a sequential order and consistency, although meachnism is poorly understood. Out of these early symtoms, one is olfactory impairement [12], which suggest olfactory system is one of the early vlunerable region during AD progression. Therefore finding the correlation between early phenomen of APP processing and one of ther earlier vlunerable area of nervous system might lead to valueable insights. This research has focused on APP processing in peripheral structures, the olfactory epithelium(OE), as well as CNS structures responsible for processing of incoming olfactory signals such as olfactory bulb(OB). The present study found unique APP processing in OE that has significance in providing not only possible biomarkers (including 25kDa, 55kDa and 80kDa) that can be used for screening and detection of AD before plaque formation but also for treatment purpose. Additionally, PS2 increased level was found in OE that possibly involved in unique APP processing and might also be crucial for understanding the ÃŽ ³-secretase role and controlling AD through ÃŽ ³-secretase as a therapeutic target. Table 1. Secretases responsible for APP processing. MATERIAL AND METHODS MATERIAL AND METHODS 1.1. Animal 1.1 .1. Transgenic Alzheimer’s disease model Tg2576 mice In this study, heterozygous Tg2576 mice were used, which express a human amyloid-ÃŽ ² precursor protein (APP) variant linked to Alzheimer’ disease, as developed and described previously [21].Age-matched non-transgenic littermates were served as wild-type control. All animal experiments were approved and conducted in accordance with guidelines of Ethic Committee of Seoul National University DGIST. Transgenic Alzheimer’s disease model Tg6799 mice Another AD model used in this study was Tg6799 mice, which expresses human amyloid precursor protein (APP) with three familial Alzheimer’s disease point mutations and two human presenilin1 mutations thus also known as 5x FAD mice. Both of these mutation types mainly contribute to increased production of AÃŽ ²42 [22]. Age-matched non-transgenic littermates were served as wild-type control. All animal experiments were approved and conducted in accordance with guidelines of Ethic Committee of Seoul National University DGIST. Table2. Transgenic models used for this study. Olfactory behavioral analysis Food buried, behavior test was performed to measure the mice smell ability to find a buried food pellet using olfactory cues as previously described [23] [24] [25] [26]. Olfactory test was taken blindly without revealing any genotypic information of mice before and during the experiment. Mice were deprived of food around 35 hours with free access to water. Before starting the experiment, adaptation time was provided 5~10 min to let them adapt in new prepared cage with new bedding material. This step was important for mice to be adapted to the new environment so that they would able to focus on finding food in a new environment. Similar cage were prepared with bedding material depth approximately 5 cm and food pellet was buried 2.5 cm below the surface. Latency or cut-off time ~15 min maximum was provided to each mice to find buried food. Latency time was recorded, as time between mouse inserted into the cage and grasping the food pellet, precisely using video tracking software and sy stem (EthoVision xt 9).

The Use of Language in A Fable for Tomorrow by Rachel Carson Essay exam

The Use of Language in A Fable for Tomorrow by Rachel Carson The extracts give the impression of stark contrast, even contradictions, from the very beginning. The author chooses to use the word fable in the title, which, traditionally, is something fictional and also usually refers to the past and yet this is coupled with ‘tomorrow’. This indicates that the author is looking to show the reader that, although the situation she refers to in the second extract may not be factual in its entirety, it may not be long before it is. Carson uses graphical descriptions to convey the idea of harmony and peacefulness in the first paragraph ‘white clouds of bloom drifted above the green fields’. The author uses all of the senses to invite the reader to picture the scene more vividly. Carson uses language that suggests she has seen the subject matter on several occasions and knows it well, she describes how the scene changes from spring to autumn ‘oak and maple and birch set up a blaze of colour’ and then to winter ‘dried weeds rising above the snow’. Carson’s detailed descrip...